Abstract Increased interaction between wild and urban environments owing to human population growth, increased anthropization of biomes, and habitat loss for wild animals increases the spread of infectious and parasitic agents. The present study reports on the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in carnivorous mammals at two conservation institutions in the state of Goiás, Brazil. Fecal samples from 39 adult carnivores were collected after spontaneous defecation and analyzed by flotation and sedimentation. The structure and management data of each institution were recorded. Parasitism prevalence, binomial confidence intervals (CI) at 95%, variables associated with the presence of contact animals, size of the enclosure and type of food were recorded. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in the samples analyzed was 71.8% (CI 55.1–83.0; 28/39). Ancylostomatidae, Toxocara spp., Toxascaris leonina, Strongyloides spp., Calodium hepaticum, and Trematoda eggs, and Cystoisospora spp. oocysts were detected. Environmental conditions were not correlated with parasitism prevalence; however, the parasites found could be managed, considering their biology, such as controlling synanthropic and domestic animals in captivity, feeding with healthy feed.

Resumo A crescente urbanização e a perda de hábitat para animais selvagens tem levado a uma maior interação entre ambientes selvagens e humanos, o que pode favorecer a disseminação de agentes infecciosos e parasitários. O presente estudo relata a ocorrência de parasitas gastrointestinais em mamíferos carnívoros em duas instituições de conservação no estado de Goiás, Brasil. Amostras fecais de 39 carnívoros adultos foram coletadas após a defecação espontânea e analisadas por flotação e sedimentação. Foram registrados os dados de estrutura e gestão de cada instituição. Prevalência de parasitismo, intervalo de confiança binomial (IC) a 95% e variáveis associadas a presença de animais de contato, tamanho do recinto e tipo de alimento foram registrados. A prevalência geral de parasitas gastrointestinais nas amostras analisadas foi de 71,8% (IC 55,1–83,0; 28/39). Foram detectados ovos de Ancylostomatidae, Toxocara spp., Toxascaris leonina, Strongyloides spp., Calodium hepaticum e de Trematoda e oocistos de Cystoisospora spp.. As condições ambientais não apresentaram correlação com a prevalência de parasitismo; entretanto, os parasitos encontrados podem ser manejados, considerando-se sua biologia, como controlar animais sinantrópicos e domésticos em cativeiro, e uso de alimentos livres de contaminantes.

ABSTRACT The evaluated ammonia volatilization rates and its association with humidity, temperature, and pH in broiler litter in conventional and dark house rearing systems. Evaluations were performed at 0.01, 1.00, and 1.50 m high, using a completely randomized design, at a weekly frequency for 12 weeks—from the sanitary void to the end of the 42-day cycle. Litter temperature had no significant difference for different types of house. Humidity and pH levels varied according to houses and evaluation periods. No ammonia volatilization was detected during initial periods. However, up from the 21st day of rearing, rates started to increase, showing higher concentrations at 0.01 m height. At 1.00 and 1.50 m, values around 20 mL·m–3, were obtained and considered an acceptable exposure level for the broilers and employees directly working in this sector. Yet, broiler breeders should target lower levels due to environmental impacts.

<sec><title>PURPOSE:</title><p>To establish a model of chronic kidney disease in White New Zealand rabbits, using an exclusive unilateral technique of renal ischemia and reperfusion.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS:</title><p>Twenty males White New Zealand rabbits were used. All animals were subjected to the following: pre-surgical blood collection (1^st collection) for creatinine and urea serum analysis, left renal ischemia and reperfusion surgery technique, another blood sample was collected after 6 weeks post surgery (2^nd collection), the last blood sample (3^rdcollection) blood sample was taken 11 weeks post surgery (pre-euthanasia), euthanasia and withdrawal of right and left kidney for histopathological analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS:</title><p>The creatinine levels after surgery was statistically significant higher in the 3^rd collection, regarding the 1^st and 2^ndcollection (p<0.05). A significant statistic increase for urea was showed only in the 2^nd collection (p<0.05) when compared to the 1^stand 3^rd collections. Histopathological analysis showed bilateral lesions in the renal tissue, consistent to the process of ischemia and reperfusion.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION:</title><p> This exclusive unilateral technique of renal ischemia and reperfusion without nephrectomy in White New Zealand rabbits, showed effectiveness in getting an animal model of chronic kidney disease</p></sec>